Religious and Philosophical Aspects in Melville's Moby Dick Essay

Strict and Philosophical Aspects in Melville's Moby Dick - Essay Example The two are detached and stay in segregation with the sole reason for researching strict issues the world over. Ahab doesn't put stock in the scriptural story of creation in the Garden of Eden. Rather than having a longing for profound sustenance, he remains firm and goes up against underhandedness. The solidness is represented by a whale in the book (Melville; pp.178-179) Ishmael sees Ahab as a powerless man who is simply subsequent to avenging for the transgressions he submitted. Despite the fact that Ahab affirmed Christianity, he was only a wolf in sheep's clothing who was just stowing away in the majority. Then again, another character by the name Starbuck is uncertain about how God ought to be indicated regard. People have shortcomings that occasionally detach them with their producer. So as to fabricate a relationship, they should defeat their inside feelings and shortcomings and respect their creator. Because of the insolence, the implied Adam appeared to the creator, he is k illed from the universe. In contrast to Ahab, Ishmael, who watched the lessons of his producer is honored hugely (Melville, pp.153-156). The attributes exhibited by the characters in Melville’s work are an away from of his strict convictions. He utilizes the Whale to represent the idea of God. God has extraordinary powers and is both ubiquitous and transcendent. Ahab attempts to conflict with the desire of God and attempts to intrigue with Satan. Melville is of the view that the individuals who conflict with the desire of God are probably going to be rebuffed harshly (Melville, pp.483-484). In the book, a Priest by the name Mapple utilizes Jonah in for instance of an individual who went in opposition to the desires of God. Thusly, the fish gulped him. As per the minister, we can't respect God before we respect ourselves (Melville, pp.344-345) Melville exhorts that we ought to forego our own wants for revering the Lord. Ishmael comes out as a character whom God needs people to be while Ahab is shown as a disfavor to religion. Ahab rehearses

Product positioning Essay Example for Free

Item situating Essay What do you do? Remember that the inquiry must be replied from the clients perspective and unmistakably state what the item accomplishes for the client. Clients create feelings about organizations and items, and the situating of each in the brain of the client consistently happens comparable to the opposition or the clients different other options (which may incorporate sitting idle). While advertising interchanges have an influence in building up the ideal position, its important that as a general rule clients make up their psyches dependent on a more extensive territory f factors, including bundling, valuing, item execution, references and media proposals. Situating basics: Positioning is the single most prominent effect on a clients purchasing choice. Every client assesses items in the market as indicated by their psychological guide of the market. Situating exists in clients minds, not in situating explanations. Individuals don't effectively or readily alter their perspectives on an items situating. Situating must initially show an items importance, utilizing acceptable, trustworthy, nd true terms. Making the item simpler to purchase through viable situating makes the item simpler to sell. Mapping the market Mapping the market includes distinguishing and marking out the most important client sections. It empowers you to set up and conceivably control how your item is seen as far as advantage and separation. Advantage: The favorable position passed on by the item to the objective client dependent on his convincing motivation to purchase. makes you interesting in the commercial center, simultaneously bearing significance to the Positioning layout The situating format can assist you with expressing the basic offer that your item gives to an objective client and the market. It must distinguish the: target client or market convincing motivation to purchase items arrangement inside another or existing class key advantage that legitimately addresses the convincing motivation to purchase essential elective source (I. e. , contender) of a similar advantage key contrast or purpose of separation Positioning articulation The situating layout empowers you to make a situating explanation, which xplains what your identity is, the thing that you offer, whom it is for, and why it is significant and convincing. The situating proclamation should meet a few key rules: It adequately distinguishes the objective client or portion, and makes the circumstance understood and justifiable. It makes your case (and related advantage) succinct, particular and convincing, and underpins it by dependable proof. It makes the separation articulation compact, solitary, convincing, and acceptable, and it mirrors the objective clients properties and condition. It finishes the lift assessment (I. . , it tends to be clarified in a couple of words). Utilizing the layout, a situating explanation can be organized this way: For (target client or market) Who (have a convincing motivation to purchase) Our item is an (items position inside another or existing class). That gives (key advantage that legitimately addresses the convincing motivation to purchase) Unlike (essential elective source (I. e. , contender) of a similar advantage) Our item (key distinction or purpose of separation according to the particular objective client) Positioning and market type In another market, you should characterize the market and your companys place inside it. This includes situating your organization to visionary purchasers as an idea chief inside a rising, exceptionally encouraging business sector class. You should likewise exhibit your items advantage or upper hand against existing items and business as usual. In a current market, the situating changes. Here, it must exhibit to tenable and thorough alternative for the clients needs. So as to accomplish the ideal situating, your correspondence should plainly verbalize your exceptional purposes of separation.

Bahrains Uprising Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Bahrains Uprising - Essay Example Quite a long while have seen discontent on the ascent among the individuals just as developing requests for the right to speak freely of discourse, autonomy of the legal framework, the arrival of political detainees, and another constitution. The wellspring of discontent is clear toward the start of the Bahraini uprising at the time of Arab spring, yet the method of engendering of the discontent could be bantered from various perspectives with significant conflict concentrating on whether online networking had a huge effect in the Bahraini uprising (Wehrey, 2013). Howard and Hussain (2011) tended to the issue of online networking in the uprising offering various thoughts while Wehrey (2013) gives his perspectives on the Pearl Roundabout uprising in his 2013 article titled ‘Bahrain’s Decade of Discontent’. Howard and Hassan (2011) are of the assessment that computerized media is the thing that helped in turning network explicit, restricted and individualized differ ence from its unique setting into developments that were intended for shared complaints and which gave a chance to activity. Wehrey (2013), then again, indicates that while advanced activists in the Middle East are to be credited with certain achievements like recording police severity, the fundamental social, strict, political, and verifiable angles engrained in the uprising far exceed the effect of online networking in starting the fights. The perspectives with respect to the effect of internet based life in the Bahraini Uprising may vary, yet unquestionably, shared conviction exists dependent on the common energy for generally speaking change in the system from the current abusive one to a progressively majority rule one. The common concern communicated in the two articles is the need for changes in the political arrangement of Bahrain. The social changes in Bahrain are an aftereffect of a progression of aggregate issues that have driven the individuals to look for change in powe r dynamics.â

Real California Cheese Essay - 275 Words

Real California Cheese (Essay Sample) Content: WritingReal California CheeseCustomer's NameCustomer's Grade CourseCustomer Tutor's Name6th October, 2010Analysis of the Happy Cows' CampaignAn integrated marketing strategy was mandatory to promote the sales of Real California Cheese. The campaign used was the Happy Cows' developed by the California Milk Advisory Board, CMAB. After Deutsch LA advertising agency was hired, its first task was to develop a creative plan to promote California cheese. The first idea was to concentrate much on California itself other than the cheese (Realcaliforniamilk.com). The conceived idea was that California cheese was a better option because it was derived from the contented cows of the state. This agency developed a campaign with the tagline Great Cheese Comes from Happy Cows: Happy Cows Come from California.' This humorous tagline plays a major of convincing the people that a healthy cow will provide healthy milk for producing quality cheese (Kaynak 12). Since California is a state enjoyed for its beautiful features and sceneries, the strategy was successful.All new ads suggested that California milk was the best and produced by healthy and satisfied cows. All the other advertising campaigns and commercials ended with cows grazing in the beautiful pastures of California and the tagline Great Cheese comes from Happy Cows' accompanied them. It was also necessary to extend this campaign to media including radio, television, and use of a website. After successful television commercials, radio ads were necessary because the people had the idea of the Californian Happy Cows in their minds. The use of website enabled consumers to link to the Happy Cows' campaign and watch all television advertisements and also buy cheese online (Hartline 18). Calendars and desktop wallpapers for Happy Cows were also presented on the website. In 2004, the Happy Cows campaign was used in markets where the Californian cheese had an outstanding presence. After 2004, Real California chee se was distributed to the national level. As well, the promotional and advertising efforts were expanded to increase sales.From the manner in which the marketing strategy was designed, the consumers were easily persuaded of the quality and sweetness of California milk used to produce Real California Cheese. The design guarantees quality of cheese from satisfied cows (Hartline 33). The tagline hence encourages more and more people to use the product hence increasing sales. Also, the use of various media to advertise the product promoted the Happy Cow strategy for Real California Cheese. The ingenuity behind this strategy has made it successful (Realcaliforniamilk.com).Importance of Real California Cheese Certification MarkThe Real California Cheese certification mark in the implementation of positioning and Integrated Market Concept (IMC) programs played a major role and importance in marketing the product. The first role was to create a compelling and distinct identity which became the focal towards an integrated communication. Due to the wide range of products promoted by the CMAB, it was necessary to create a Real California Cheese seal to act as a certification mark to be used by used by consumers in identifying California's natural cheese. This played a major role in promoting different varieties of Cheese from different markers who met the qualifications for using the seal when packing their cheese (Belch Michael 26).The seal created has the beautiful sceneries of California with rolling plains, a rising sun, and cheddar cheese-colored background. This seal assured the consumer that the purchased cheese in naturally Californian (Kaynak 44). Also, the sale was placed on all Real California Cheese (RCC) coupons, table tents and restaurant menus. Therefore, the designing and placement of the RCC certification mark is a very important element of communication that reinforces the marketing message while maximizing the awareness of the consumers (Paley 28). Th erefore, I am persuaded that this certification of the Real California Cheese contributed a lot to the marketing of the product to the consumer. It gave it an outstanding identity making it easy to identify, purchase and consume. After 2004, a nationwide strategy was favored by the certification hence improving sales of Real California Cheese.Role of Real California Cheese: Constrains and PersonalityAdvertising is a very important tool in marketing. After many years of advertising Real California Cheese, it was necessary to intensify the use of newspapers, outdoor executions and magazines to promote the product. In 1995 there was the need to take a more realistic approach. Later in 2000, a newly hired agency, Deutsch LA, developed a new strategy to promote the marketing of California cheese. Advertising was hence an appropriate strategy in promoting the marketing of Real California Cheese (Gauzente Ranchord 59).There are some constrains faced by the advertising agency in the develo pment of a new campaign. Competition was imminent during the time of creating the new advertisement strategy. Also, lack of attention from the customers impacted negatively on the new campaign. It was therefore necessary to come up with a new and creative marketing approach. This saw the need of hiring new advertising agencies to address the constraints (Belch Michael 65). The newly conceived idea was to focus on the Californian idea rather than on cheese itself. However, this new idea was applicable in the marketing of the product.According to me, I strongly believe that the personality created here was classic and beneficial. The new concept of increasing media advertising informed many consumers about the product. Also, the uniqueness of Real California Cheese accompanied with a certification mark improved the personality hence promoting the sales of cheese. The adopted tagline for the adverts also worked miracles for the Californian cheese. However, there are several pros and c ons from this kind of marketing strategy developed for the Real California Cheese.The major advantage of the strategy is that it gave the impression that California is home for dairy farming and also offers good climate for milk harvesting. This encourages the buyer to give it a try hence increasing the quantity of sales. The strategy also came with a unique image of California hence securing the trust of the consumers. The certification mark encouraged the consumers that quality products were being delivered (Hartline 34). All these strengths of the new strategy saw increased sales of the product. The major cons of the strategy are monotony, lack of specificity and financial constrains. Right from the beginning, the strategy incurred a lot of expenses, monotony and lack of accuracy. However, these cons did not succeed as compared with the pros of this new advertising strategy for the product.Role of Consumer PromotionWith the new advertising strategy, there was the need to employ c onsumer promotions. These inform the consumer of the product's existence. Also, this offered a chance to the consumer to try using the product. The next thing was creation of awareness hence encouraging the consumers to begin using the product. The major strategies used to market the cheese products are promotions, improved public relations in every new market zone, and advertising. While all these strategies played specific roles in marketing the product, advertising played the greatest role here.Advertising informs the consumers of the product's existence, provides useful information it is recommended, and educates the consumer on how to use it. I therefore believe that the complexity of the advertising process for Real California Cheese playe...

The Outbreak Of Shakespeare s Oedipus The King

Justin Prine Professor Messerschmidt Lit1000 8 October 2014 The Outbreak of Plague in Thebes During the course of Oedipus The King, Oedipus sets off on a journey to free himself from a fate that he just can not stand the thought of. Along the journey Oedipus comes upon the city of Thebes. This city has just had their king (Laius) killed and now Creon is under control of the city. Oedipus is given the thrown after he helped free the city from a sphinx that has been been guarding anyone that plans on going in and out of the city. Oedipus is seen to be a hero because no one could solve the riddle that would get rid of the sphinx until he arrived at the city. As Oedipus enters the city he starts to realize the major plague and disease in†¦show more content†¦As we all know after achieving the thrown in Thebes Oedipus marries his mother (Jocasta) and has kids with her. This so called link between plague and sexuality is definitely shown here because there is incest in the family even though it is not realized. Looking at this play from a western point of view we could easily determine that the incest that is going on has caused this plague. One of the simplest ways of determining why this plague has struck Thebes is the fact that it has been caused by the gods. The possible reason that the gods are causing this plague to break out is because Oedipus has tried to escape his fate that he will kill his father an marry his mother. The fact that Oedipus is trying to defeat what the gods have planned would be highly insulting to the gods and they want his to be punished in the form of plague. Once Oedipus reaches out to the gods by sending his brother-in-law, Creon, to Delphi he finally realizes that he has to bring the previous king s death to justice. So far in the play Oedipus still thinks that he has beat the gods and avoided his fate. This arrogance could possibly have angered the gods causing the many bad things to come to Oedipus s city. By trying to defeat the fate that the gods have given him he has in turn hurt the whole city. Now keep in mind Oedipus does not realize that he is the reason for the plague but nevertheless is still responsible for it. Sophocles has definitely created a link between

Masculinity Theory - 1630 Words

Google defines masculinity as a possession of qualities traditionally associated with men, using, handsome, muscled, and driven, hes a prime example of masculinity as their example. Although this definition of masculinity is common, it is undeveloped and exclusive to other forms of masculinity. Sociologists such as Raewyn Connell, Eric Anderson and Michael Kimmel have formed their own theories and definitions of masculinity. In this course, we have read an excerpt from Eric Anderson’s, Inclusive Masculinities, Raewyn Connell’s, Masculinities and Gender; In World Perspectives, and Michael Kimmel’s book, Manhood in America; A Cultural History to answer questions about the social construction of masculinity, how it is performed, how it†¦show more content†¦In his book, Inclusive Masculinities; The Changing Nature of Masculinities, Anderson analyzes homophobia, the development of homohysteria (â€Å"homosexually-panicked culture in which suspicion [of ho mosexuality] permeates†) and the change in the dynamics of male relationships. Anderson also analyzes Connell’s HMT and suggest that while her theory may have been a useful way of understanding masculinities in the late 1900’s, masculinity is evolving. Anderson explains how the HMT suggests that masculinity ascribed, constant and one has little to no chances of climbing the gender hierarchy. After doing research on athletes and college students and realizing that HMT could not account for the relationship dynamics of these young men, Anderson developed an opposing theory—the inclusion theory. The inclusion theory suggests that male relationships are evolving and that social stigmas towards homosexuality are decreasing as well as misogynistic views/opinions over time. Anderson believes that, although some may continue to hold conservative beliefs about masculinity, there is a movement among younger generations that is more accepting and encouraging of fluid presentations of masculinity. Michael Kimmel’s, Manhood in America; A Cultural History, traces masculinity over time, starting in colonial times to present day. 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That is, no one should be forced to live by what are claimed to be traditional norms and gender roles due to Christianity’sRead MoreLearning How to Fear in Popular Media Essay652 Words   |  3 Pagesfemininity by massaging his muscles as a sign of attending to the mans desires. In the hook, 50 Cent states he does not fit the stereotypical image of a pimp with a Cadillac and perms, but nonetheless he is a pimp. By implementing the Code of the Street theory, one can assume that 50 Cents uniqueness should earn him more respect in the pimping community because he does not resort to the clichà © pimp image in order to be successful (Contreras 467). In the first verse, the scene is focused on 50 Cent withRead MoreMasculinity as Homophobia by Michael S. Kimmel1532 Words   |  7 Pagesin public. In Michael S. Kimmel’s work, Masculinity as Homophobia, he reveals the great secret of all men: We are afraid of other men. Kimmel urges the reader to realize that men are grouped into very distinct and limiting meanings of masculinity. He states that men, whether consciously or subconsciously, fear being ostracized as being too feminine by other males, and it is this fear which continues a cycle of homophobia and exclusion within masculinity. Men are all putting on a mask, in an attemptRead MoreHow Does Biological Sex Affect Society?899 Words   |  4 Pagesfollow. The first value of manhood, is to not be female. Since western culture is a patriarchy, we view womanhood as an immediate assault on that power structure. This means that when men bring feminine energy into a space that are threat to the masculinity on other men which is a problem. This reminds of me of times I seen young boys get scolded for having a â€Å"limp hand.† Even something as small as the way you are bending your wrist cannot be feminized. 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Mental State Exam Process

Question: Discuss about the Mental State Exam Process. Answer: Introduction: According to Mental State Exam (MSE), the thought form or process is the formation of thoughts that are logical and consistent (Akiskal 2016). These thoughts are inferred through a persons expression of ideas and speech. There are many characteristics that help to study the thought form in a person. Firstly, the person makes comments that are highly irrelevant showing derailment or loose associations. Secondly, there is tangible thinking or flight of ideas that shows change of topics. Thirdly, there is circumstantial thinking reflecting extreme vagueness. Fourthly, the person use nonsense words and use of halted speech. There is also blocking or thought racing (Arevalo?Rodriguez et al. 2015). The evaluation of a persons thinking according to their thought nature or content. It is characterized by delusions like the false beliefs are rigidly held that are not consistent or relevant to a persons background (Hom et al. 2015). They have unreasonable belief or overvalued ideas. They are preoccupied and experience depressive thoughts. They are inclined to homicidal ideation, aggression, self-harm or suicidal attitude. They have repetitive thoughts about a catastrophic outcome accompanied by compulsive behavior. They also suffer from having heightened or generalized anxiety with unexplained reasons (Haller et al. 2014). In the given case study, Annabelle showed disturbances in her thought content and form. She wringed her hands and paced showing that she is in constant danger or fear indicating anxiety. While interviewing her, she frequently interrupted and changed topic showing tangential thinking signifying problems in thought form. During the interview, she smiled, muttered and said that it is in her veins showing sores on her arms that she was constantly picking up indicating self harm. She also showed derailment or loose associations with the reality when she changed her topic from sores on her arms to falling of the planet. She showed sudden disappointment and sob in distress saying that the children are getting hurt that indicated obsession about a catastrophic outcome. According to MSE, perceptions are sensory experiences that include disturbances like hallucinations, illusions or dissociative characters (Fnelon 2013). The screening is important to detect mental health conditions like mood disorders, severe anxiety or psychosis. The auditory hallucinations are widely known in which a person does self talk or hear inner voice. A person also hears instructive voices telling them to do something. In some cases, hallucinations are accompanied by extreme distress or fear. Illusions are also experienced in which a person perceives things in an unusual or unrealistic manner. The dissociative symptoms consist of the depersonalization and derealization in which a person feels that the surrounding objects are not real and feels detached from one respectively. In the given case study, Annabelle has disturbances in both visual and auditory senses experiencing hallucinations with false auditory and visual perceptions. During the interview with her mother, she stared at the ceiling and then shouted in distress saying shut up as if she heard a loud noise. Again she looked up at the ceiling she could hear children being hurt and on hearing that she slumped to the floor shouting in distress. This is related to auditory hallucinations experienced by Annabelle. In the meanwhile, she stopped screaming and slides down the hall saying to forgive her and she does not mean to hurt anyone. As said by her mother, she locked herself in the room and spoke to herself indicating auditory hallucination in which she could hear voices talking to her. She also showed dissociative symptoms as she locked herself in the room showing loose associations with her family and friends. Her looking at the ceiling terrified indicates that she experienced visual hallucinati ons. The affect and mood are one of the domains that are assessed during the mental state examination (Cumming et al. 2013). According to MSE, relationship between mood and emotional effect is like the weather and the season. The emotional experiences of a person over a prolonged period of time are defined as mood (Godefroy et al. 2011). The affects is defined as the immediate response or expressions related to emotions. The mood can be explained by happiness in terms of lowered, elevated, depressed or ecstatic. The irritability could be explained by explosive or calmness. Stability also defines mood of a person. A patient describes mood in their own words in terms like anxious, angry, euphoric or apathetic. Affect is the non verbal form of behavior described by apparent emotions conveyed by a person. It could be measured by many parameters like range, reactivity, intensity, mobility or in terms of appropriateness. It may also be described by the range in terms of flat, blunt, restricted or expansive. The appropriateness is assessed in terms of congruence, inappropriateness or appropriateness. The labile or stable with regard to stability defines affect (Andreassi 2013). Annabelles mood is very fluctuating and there are disparities in the range and intensity of her effect. She showed extreme sadness and distress while she was brought to the Emergency Department. At the first instance, she showed pangs of fear while she was pacing down the corridor and wringed her wrist. Her gaze and manner ranged from fear to being hostile. Her intensity of the effect is incongruous as she was not in harmony with her surroundings. She also showed flat or heightened intensity describing her range of effect. At times she showed heightened range while looking at the ceiling intensely, sweating palms and dilated pupils. And the next moment she was blunt showing reduction in the range effect. During her interview, she approached with a smile indicating happy mood and the next moment she looked terrified. She showed explosive mood while she denotes that she could hear childrens voices seeking help. She was unstable as she could not sit still for a while and was incongruent towards the older women trying to relax her. Abnormalities in terms of activity that includes abnormal movements, level of activity in a person, arousal and observations of the patients eye movements (Andreassi 2013). The attention to ones behavior is important during an examination especially to non verbal communication. The MSE examination provides information about Annabelles emotional attitude, behavior and her appearance. Annabelles behavior was quiet weird. When she arrived she was odd in her dressing. She was dishevelled and dirty. Initially after entering the cubicle she appeared to be scared, terrified with sweating palms and showed a feeling of suspicion. Her behavior was confusing as in one moment she smiled and then muttered in herself in the next moment. Her behavior demonstrated a tendency of self harm as wringed her wrist and picked up sores in her hand. Movement of her eyes was denoting a state of heightened level of anxiety. She had difficulty in concentrating over one thing as she was switching topics before any of it could be well understood or interpreted. Moreover her speech was disorganized that made the communication with her more difficult. It was clearly evident that the client had distorted perception. After arriving the cubicle her behavior changed into several forms and her face expressed variety of feelings from happy, sad, depressed, stress, despair, and furious. Her sudden tr ansition to aggressive and agitated form by screaming and sliding down the wall was irrational. Again transforming soon into distressed and despair girl crying for hurting children without any explaining were clear symptoms of psychosis. Her behavior and responses were suspicious. It was not realistic as she appeared to feel, see, hear things that were not existing. Whatever she spoke was completely disorganized and appeared to based on false beliefs. Either she was hyperresponsive or unresponsive. Overall her behavior was odd and erratic which indicated her experiencing hallucinations, delusions which are the clear symptoms of psychosis. References Akiskal, H.S., 2016. The mental status examination. InThe Medical Basis of Psychiatry(pp. 3-16). Springer New York. Andreassi, J.L., 2013.Psychophysiology: Human behavior physiological response. Psychology Press. Arevalo?Rodriguez, I., Smailagic, N., Roqu i Figuls, M., Ciapponi, A., Sanchez?Perez, E., Giannakou, A., Pedraza, O.L., Bonfill Cosp, X. and Cullum, S., 2015. Mini?Mental State Examination (MMSE) for the detection of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias in people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).The Cochrane Library. Cumming, T.B., Churilov, L., Lindn, T. and Bernhardt, J., 2013. Montreal Cognitive Assessment and MiniMental State Examination are both valid cognitive tools in stroke.Acta Neurologica Scandinavica,128(2), pp.122-129. Fnelon, G., 2013. Hallucinations associated with neurological disorders and sensory loss. InThe Neuroscience of Hallucinations(pp. 59-83). Springer New York. Godefroy, O., Fickl, A., Roussel, M., Auribault, C., Bugnicourt, J.M., Lamy, C., Canaple, S. and Petitnicolas, G., 2011. Is the Montreal Cognitive Assessment superior to the Mini-Mental State Examination to detect poststroke cognitive impairment? A study with neuropsychological evaluation.Stroke,42(6), pp.1712-1716. Haller, H., Cramer, H., Lauche, R., Gass, F. and Dobos, G.J., 2014. The prevalence and burden of subthreshold generalized anxiety disorder: a systematic review.BMC psychiatry,14(1), p.1. Hom, M.A., Stanley, I.H. and Joiner, T.E., 2015. Evaluating factors and interventions that influence help-seeking and mental health service utilization among suicidal individuals: a review of the literature.Clinical psychology review,40, pp.28-39.

Nitrate Contamination Of Groundwater Poses A Serious Health Threat Nit

Nitrate Contamination of Groundwater Poses a Serious Health Threat Nitrates contamination of the world's underground water supply poses as a potentially serious health hazard to the human inhabitants on earth. High nitrate levels found in well water has been proven to be the cause for numerous health conditions across the globe. If we intend to provide for the future survival of man, and life on planet earth, we must take action now to assure the quality of one of our most precious resources, our underground water supply. Ground water can be defined as the water stored in the open spaces within underground rocks and unconsolidated material (Monroe and Wicander 420). Ground water is one of the numerous parts that make up the hydrologic cycle. The primary source of water in underground aquifers is precipitation that infiltrates the ground and moves through the soil and pore spaces of rocks (Monroe and Wicander 420). There are also other sources that add water to the underground aqu ifer that include: water infiltrating from lakes and streams, recharge ponds, and wastewater treatment systems. As groundwater moves through the soil, sediment, and rocks, many of its impurities are filtered out. Take note, however, that some, not all, soils and rocks are good filters. Some are better than others and in some cases, serious pollutants are not removed from the water before it reaches the underground supply. Now that we have a good working definition of what groundwater is, and where it comes from, just how important is it? Groundwater makes up about 22% of the worlds supply of fresh water. Right now, groundwater accounts for 20% of all the water used annually in the United States. On a national average, a little more than 65% of the groundwater in the United States each year goes to irrigation, with industrial use second, and third is domestic use (Monroe and Wicander 420). Some states are more dependent on groundwater for drinking than others. Nebraska and the corn belt states rely on underground water for 85% of their drinking needs, and in Florida 90% of all drinking water comes from underground aquifers (Funk and Wagnall 2). People on the average in the United States require more than 50 gallons of water each day for personal and household uses. These include drinking, washing, preparing meals and removing waste. A bath in a bathtub uses approximately 25 gallons of water and a shower uses about l5 gallons per minute of water flow while the shower runs. Just to sustain human tissue requires about 2.5 quarts of water per day. Most people drink about a quart of water per day, getting the rest of the water they need from food content. Most of the foods we eat are comprised mostly of water: for example, eggs, are about 74% water, watermelon 92%, and a piece of lean meat about 70%. Most of the beverages we drink are also mostly comprised of water, like milk, coffee, tea and soft drinks. And the single largest consumer of water in the United Stat es, is agriculture. In dry areas, farmers must irrigate their lands to grow crops. It is estimated that in the United States, more than 100 billion gallons of fresh water are used each day for the irrigation of croplands (Funk and Wagnall 2). Since agriculture is the leading user of our groundwater, perhaps it is fitting, that it is also the biggest contributor of contaminating nitrates that work into our water supply each year. Agriculture and livestock production account for 80% of all nitrogen added to the environment ( Terry, et al. 1996). Industrial fertilizers make up 53%, animal manure 27%, atmosphere 14%, and point source 6% (Puckett, 1994). Just how do these nitrates get from the field into our water supply? There are two primary reasons that nitrate contaminates reach our underground water supply and make it unsafe. Number one reason is farmer's bad habits of consistently over- fertilizing and applying too much nitrogen to the soil. In 1995 America's agricultural produ cers added 36 billion pounds of nitrogen into the environment, 23 billion pounds of supplemental industrial nitrogen, and 13 billion pounds of extra nitrogen in the form of animal manure. Twenty percent of Nitrate Contamination Of Groundwater Poses A Serious Health Threat Nit Nitrate Contamination of Groundwater Poses a Serious Health Threat Nitrates contamination of the world's underground water supply poses as a potentially serious health hazard to the human inhabitants on earth. High nitrate levels found in well water has been proven to be the cause for numerous health conditions across the globe. If we intend to provide for the future survival of man, and life on planet earth, we must take action now to assure the quality of one of our most precious resources, our underground water supply. Ground water can be defined as the water stored in the open spaces within underground rocks and unconsolidated material (Monroe and Wicander 420). Ground water is one of the numerous parts that make up the hydrologic cycle. The primary source of water in underground aquifers is precipitation that infiltrates the ground and moves through the soil and pore spaces of rocks (Monroe and Wicander 420). There are also other sources that add water to the underground aqu ifer that include: water infiltrating from lakes and streams, recharge ponds, and wastewater treatment systems. As groundwater moves through the soil, sediment, and rocks, many of its impurities are filtered out. Take note, however, that some, not all, soils and rocks are good filters. Some are better than others and in some cases, serious pollutants are not removed from the water before it reaches the underground supply. Now that we have a good working definition of what groundwater is, and where it comes from, just how important is it? Groundwater makes up about 22% of the worlds supply of fresh water. Right now, groundwater accounts for 20% of all the water used annually in the United States. On a national average, a little more than 65% of the groundwater in the United States each year goes to irrigation, with industrial use second, and third is domestic use (Monroe and Wicander 420). Some states are more dependent on groundwater for drinking than others. Nebraska and the corn belt states rely on underground water for 85% of their drinking needs, and in Florida 90% of all drinking water comes from underground aquifers (Funk and Wagnall 2). People on the average in the United States require more than 50 gallons of water each day for personal and household uses. These include drinking, washing, preparing meals and removing waste. A bath in a bathtub uses approximately 25 gallons of water and a shower uses about l5 gallons per minute of water flow while the shower runs. Just to sustain human tissue requires about 2.5 quarts of water per day. Most people drink about a quart of water per day, getting the rest of the water they need from food content. Most of the foods we eat are comprised mostly of water: for example, eggs, are about 74% water, watermelon 92%, and a piece of lean meat about 70%. Most of the beverages we drink are also mostly comprised of water, like milk, coffee, tea and soft drinks. And the single largest consumer of water in the United Stat es, is agriculture. In dry areas, farmers must irrigate their lands to grow crops. It is estimated that in the United States, more than 100 billion gallons of fresh water are used each day for the irrigation of croplands (Funk and Wagnall 2). Since agriculture is the leading user of our groundwater, perhaps it is fitting, that it is also the biggest contributor of contaminating nitrates that work into our water supply each year. Agriculture and livestock production account for 80% of all nitrogen added to the environment ( Terry, et al. 1996). Industrial fertilizers make up 53%, animal manure 27%, atmosphere 14%, and point source 6% (Puckett, 1994). Just how do these nitrates get from the field into our water supply? There are two primary reasons that nitrate contaminates reach our underground water supply and make it unsafe. Number one reason is farmer's bad habits of consistently over- fertilizing and applying too much nitrogen to the soil. In 1995 America's agricultural produ cers added 36 billion pounds of nitrogen into the environment, 23 billion pounds of supplemental industrial nitrogen, and 13 billion pounds of extra nitrogen in the form of animal manure. Twenty percent of

Immigration Rules for Cuban Nationals

Immigration Rules for Cuban Nationals For years, the United States was chided for giving migrants from Cuba special treatment that no other group of refugees or immigrants had received with the former wet foot/dry foot policy. As of January 2017, the special parole policy for Cuban migrants was discontinued. The discontinuation of the policy reflects the reestablishment of full diplomatic relations with Cuba and other concrete steps toward the normalization of U.S.-Cuba relations that President Barack Obama initiated in 2015. Storied Past of the "Wet Foot/Dry Foot" Policy The former â€Å"wet foot/dry foot policy† put Cubans who reached U.S. soil on a fast track to permanent residency. The policy expired on January 12, 2017. The U.S. government had initiated the policy in 1995 as an amendment to the 1966 Cuban Adjustment Act that Congress passed when  Cold War tensions ran high between the U.S. and the island nation of Cuba. The policy stated that if a Cuban migrant was apprehended in the water between the two countries, the migrant was considered to have â€Å"wet feet† and was sent back home. However, a Cuban who made it to the U.S. shore can claim â€Å"dry feet† and qualify for legal permanent resident status and U.S. citizenship. The policy had made exceptions for Cubans who were caught at sea and could prove they were vulnerable to persecution if sent back. The idea behind the â€Å"wet foot/dry foot policy† was to prevent a mass exodus of refugees such as the Mariel boatlift in 1980 when some 125,000 Cuban refugees sailed to South Florida. Over the decades, untold numbers of Cuban migrants lost their lives at sea making the perilous 90-mile crossing, often in homemade rafts or boats. In 1994, the Cuban economy was in dire straits after the collapse of the Soviet Union. Cuban President Fidel Castro threatened to encourage another exodus of refugees, a second Mariel lift, in protest of the U.S. economic embargo against the island. In response, the U.S. initiated the â€Å"wet foot/dry foot† policy to discourage Cubans from leaving. The U.S. Coast Guard and Border Patrol agents intercepted roughly 35,000 Cubans in the year leading up to the policy’s implementation. The policy was wrought with extreme criticism for its preferential treatment. For example, there were migrants from Haiti and the Dominican Republic who had arrived on U.S. land, even on the same boat with Cuban migrants, but were returned to their homelands while Cubans were allowed to stay. The Cuban exception had originated in Cold War politics from the 1960s. After the Cuban Missile Crisis and the Bay of Pigs, the U.S. government viewed migrants from Cuba through a prism of political oppression. On the other hand, officials view migrants from Haiti, the Dominican Republic, and other nations in the region as economic refugees who almost always would not qualify for political asylum. Over the years, the â€Å"wet foot/dry foot† policy had created some bizarre theater along Florida’s coasts. At times, the Coast Guard had used water cannons and aggressive interception techniques to force boats of migrants away from land and prevent them from touching U.S. soil. A television news crew shot video of a Cuban migrant running through the surf like a football halfback trying to fake out a member of law enforcement by touching down on dry land and sanctuary in the United States. In 2006, the Coast Guard found 15 Cubans clinging to the defunct Seven Mile Bridge in the Florida Keys but since the bridge was no longer used and cut off from land, the Cubans found themselves in legal limbo over whether they were considered dry foot or wet foot. The government ultimately ruled the Cubans were not on dry land and sent them back to Cuba. A court decision later criticized the move. Despite the expiration of the former policy, Cuban nationals have several options to apply for green card or permanent resident status. These options include the general immigration laws afforded all non-Americans seeking immigration to the U.S. through the Immigration and Nationality Act as well as the Cuban Adjustment Act, the Cuban Family Reunification Parole Program, and the Diversity Green Card lottery held every year. The Cuban Adjustment Act The Cuban Adjustment Act (CAA) of 1996 provides for a special procedure under which Cuban natives or citizens and their accompanying spouses and children may get a green card. The CAA gives the American Attorney General the discretion to grant permanent residence to Cuban natives or citizens applying for a green card if they have been present in the United States for at least 1 year, they have been admitted or paroled, and they are admissible as immigrants. According to U.S. Citizen and Immigration Services (USCIS), Cuban applications for a green card or permanent residence may be approved even if they do not meet the ordinary requirements of Section 245 of the Immigration and Nationality Act. Since the caps on immigration do not apply to adjustments under the CAA, it is not necessary for the individual to be the beneficiary of an immigrant visa petition. Additionally, a Cuban native or citizen who arrives at a place other than an open port-of-entry may still be eligible for a green card if USCIS has paroled the individual into the United States. The Cuban Family Reunification Parole Program Created in 2007, the Cuban Family Reunification Parole (CFRP) Program allows certain eligible U.S. citizens and lawful permanent residents to apply for parole for their family members in Cuba. If granted parole, these family members may come to the United States without waiting for their immigrant visas to become available. Once in the United States, CFRP Program beneficiaries may apply for work authorization while they wait to apply for lawful permanent resident status. Diversity Lottery Program The U.S. government also admits about 20,000 Cubans each year through a visa lottery program. To qualify for the Diversity Via Program lottery, an applicant must be a foreign citizen or national not born in the United States, from a country with a low immigration rate to the U.S. People born in countries with high U.S. immigration are excluded from this immigration program. Eligibility is determined only by the country of your birth, it is not based on country of citizenship or current residence which is a common misperception that applicants make when applying for this immigration program.

Rockefeller Drug Laws Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Rockefeller Drug Laws - Essay Example The year 1973 was marked by the Watergate scandal, an uneasy cease-fire in Vietnam, and a rising tide of the counter-culture. Fuelling the resentment of public institutions and the mistrust of the government was the proliferation of drug use by a new generation. To many conservatives, it appeared as though the liberal left had won and the seeds of permissiveness were never more apparent than they were in the drug culture in New York. Conservatives, such as Nelson Rockefeller, fought back with legislation that was aimed at this cultural group, and targeted drug use as a common denominator to identify his political and social enemies. New York State became the front lines in the War on Drugs with the passing of strict anti-drug laws that would become to be known as the Rockefeller Drug Laws. According to Haberman, "Their essence was to send drug felons to prison for very long stretches, with sentences made mandatory and leniency rendered unacceptable even for first-time offenders". The right wing hawks had lost the war and resigned the White House, but they were not in a mind to lose the War on Drugs. At the heart of the Rockefeller Laws were sentencing guidelines that placed an emphasis on retributive incarceration, and eliminated any possibility of restorative justice. The laws, in many cases, called for mandatory sentencing that could be as long as life in prison with no possibility of parole. As an example, in 1999 a middle-aged mother was sentenced to life in prison for the possession of a small quantity of cocaine, even though she was a first time offender and was working for a larger organization (Papa). This experience has been repeated thousands of times in New York where the penalty for delivering drugs is on the same level as that for second-degree murder. In addition to the lengthy sentences there are the "mandatory sentencing regulations that effectively tie the hands of presiding judges" (Irwin 6). The law has preset the sentence and judges are not able to consider extenuating circumstances such as the possibility of rehabilitation or the social situation of the def endant. The ability of a judge to gauge the sentence is a hallmark of modern justice and is one of the basic functions of the court. However, under the Rockefeller Laws, this function has been usurped by the legislators, and left the judge as little more than a figurehead. The Rockefeller Drug Laws have been criticized since their enactment, but were only recently reformed as protests grew louder. Since the passing of the laws conservatives have opposed the laws because they significantly altered the role of the judge in sentencing, and were unduly harsh. Concerned citizens argued that the mandatory minimum sentence of 15 years for the possession of a small amount of drugs was far out of proportion to the crime, and was comparable to the sentence guidelines for rape, manslaughter, and robbery (Rhett 6). Human rights watch groups pointed to the abuse by police, prosecutors, and courts as a reaction to clean up the streets and satisfy the public's thirst for a get tough on crime policy. However, these were non-violent victimless crimes, and getting the drug user off the streets only provided a marginal amount of safety for the public. Reasonable taxpayers objected to

Relevant Theories of Management and Application Essay

Relevant Theories of Management and Application - Essay Example Each theory offers managers a unique approach for attaining organisational success. This paper attempts to illustrate the characteristics of different organisational theories and how they were successfully applied by various types of organisation. Nature of Scientific Management Increased efficiency of job performance is the goal of scientific management, which is the pioneering organisational theory. This was introduced by Frederick Taylor in 1909 during the beginning of industrial revolution. Taylor recognised that critical to the success of industrial firms is maximising worker productivity while minimising waste. In effect, Taylor promoted the method of standardising the job of each worker. This is done by having the managers analyse the tasks that are essential for increased efficiency and allowing them to create job designs that will maximise the division of labor. Then, the workers are given full layout of the specific tasks that needs to be accomplished (cited in Watson 1995) . Furthermore, scientific management practices also involve strict levels of control. ... In this context, scientific management theory proved significant for effective mass production. However, the scientific management practices of the 19th century in US and UK factories have compromised the morale of many workers. This then resulted to the formation and strengthening of unions in countries. They asserted that such practices, especially in car factories, have reduced their bodies into human machines by utilising them to the full extent and taking away their right to movement (Hollway 1991). Despite the drawbacks of scientific management theory on employee health and morale, one UK firm has successfully adopted scientific management practices. Hans Chains was one of the world’s famous makers of drive chain. While the organisation applied the systematic division of labor to minimise production cost and improve efficiency, it refused to adopt strict scientific management practices which are detrimental to the health of employees. Rather than giving them differential bonuses, the company implemented a policy in 1896 which allowed workers to work with only 48 hours a week. This is based on the premise that worker productivity is maximised if working hours is reduced (Witzel 2009). Moreover, in 1906, Hans Chains established the first personnel department while in 1917; it was the first firm to develop a committee for managing the shop workers. The company experienced massive success in the field by adopting the effective practices of scientific management and avoiding its drawbacks, such as exploiting the strength of workers to maximise profit (Witzel 2009). Moreover, recent research on large US manufacturing firms showed the application of scientific management practices through the extensive effort to minimise production

Military Strategies of of the I.R.A. During the Anglo Irish War of Independence, 1919-21 Essay Example for Free

Military Strategies of of the I.R.A. During the Anglo Irish War of Independence, 1919-21 Essay At the outbreak of hostilities it was apparent that the I. R. A. could not hope to win a traditional stand up military fight against a modern, well equipped army with the financial backing of The British Empire. In order to engage the crown forces in a guerrilla war, weapons and ammunition were required in large numbers. General Head Quarters (G. H. Q. ) authorized smuggling operations and had sent volunteers abroad to procure arms. G. H. Q. sold arms to the individual units, many of which were hampered in their operational status due to lack of funding to purchase weapons and ammunition. As the war progressed many Royal Irish Constabulary (R. I. C. ) barracks and the Crowns Tax Offices were attacked and burned. GHQ issued a general raid order in September of 1920. The primary objective the Volunteers attacks on isolated R. I. C. barracks were to obtain arms and ammunition. Many of these barracks were poorly defended and usually consisted of terraced houses. In order to disrupt the governance of rural areas, tax offices were targeted. These targets allowed collection of funds from the local populace that were to be appropriated to the Crown. These tactics were adopted by many units when news of the initial successes of these barracks and tax office attacks filtered out, throughout the country. The volunteers embarked on a campaign of Intimidation of R. I. C men and their families, and members of the general public who supported the crown forces, many of which were shot. This tactic was extremely effective at reducing the morale of the R. I. C. Recruitment dropped and resignations increased in the organization The R. I. C. retreated to larger towns after it was decided to evacuate may rural barracks. This tactic led to large parts of rural Ireland becoming ungovernable. This allowed the Dail to implement their much heralded Courts System, collect taxes and implement civil control. Most units at the start of the war appeared to act independently without central command control. Attacks on Crown Forces were sporadic in nature and were badly planned. Inexperience of many of the men in these units led to many failed operations Many units operations amounted to sabotage by digging trenches in roads, de-railing trains, cutting of communications lines, snipping at barracks and personnel. Even the most poorly equipped and inactive units could engage in many of these tactics. The effectiveness of military actions conducted varied widely accordingly to geographic location. Areas like South Tipperary, East Limerick and Cork were particularly active, while areas such as Wexford, Mayo and Waterford had low turnout and low activity. Cite. Meeting and Drilling after the day’s work was done, amounted to the extent of some volunteers actions for the duration of the war cite The willingness of volunteers to risk their safety was also another factor which hindered operations in many units. Volunteers who possessed weapons especially rifles were usually picked to partake in operations over volunteers who did not. The men who possessed guns gained experience on active operations and were given higher status within units. In many areas this led to a cycle of a select group of men getting more and more experience on active service, while men who had no weapons remained inactive were not gaining any such experience. To alleviate this some units introduced rotational systems were guns and ammunition were stored in a central weapons dump. Access to weapons dumps could only be gotten after permission from the units Quarter Master was given. Activity of units depended largely on the membership and the professionalism of their commanding officers. Traditionally commanding officers were elected and appointed by their members. Electoral decisions appeared to be based on the social standing of the officers, family traditions and whether the men liked them or not. Many units were hampered in their operations as officers would not authorize actions as they feared for their own safety or were incompetent in planning and action. To instil discipline and a sense of military professionalism G. H. Q. sent organizers out to instruct and train these officers and units that they commanded. Training camps were set up to properly instruct officers and volunteers. The military discipline in these camps was strictly enforced and the training was particularly gruelling. When men returned to their units, they were expected to instil similar discipline within the rank and file. Discipline was to be rigorously introduced by commanding officers and military punishment meted out for infractions. Formal reporting structures were introduced and all commanders were expected to submit reports to the central authority of G. H. Q. on a regular basis. These reports were analysed by G. H. Q. and orders were issued to individual units. This strategy led to a more centralized planning and intelligence apparatus. Ultimately G. H. Q. decided to set up divisions with respective commanders, in attempt to coordinate the activities of the volunteers within bordering brigade areas. These attempts at introducing a modern military structure into the different units were mostly successful, although highly active units such as South Tipperary maintained a more independent existence until the end of the war. Initially the volunteers had a very high tolerance to violence and did not want to be involved in operations that led to murder. This tolerance was eroded of the course of the war as reprisals by the crown forces, led to many civilian atrocities throughout the country. As the casualties list rose, public opinion turned against the British Government. This was galvanized by reports that started to appear in newspapers internationally and in London G. H. Q. published the details of many of these reprisals in their publication their political journal t-Oglach. The publications also included details of military tactics and so also functioned as a training manual for the volunteers. After the introduction of The Restoration of Order Act in August 1920 the and the introduction of martial law in the South in 1921, attacks and reprisals against the civilian population increased. The arrival of the much hated quais military/police forces which later became known as the Black and Tans in March 1920 and the Axillaries the following July exasperated the situation and led to increased militancy in the volunteer force and the general population. Support for the volunteers steadily grew and the general population assisted them with funds, safe houses and intelligence. As a result of police crackdowns and further arrests of suspected volunteers, the continued raids on civilian houses, many volunteers went on the run. By mid 1921 there were over 4,000 suspects interned. Many men who were on the run went on to form the celebrated flying columns. These columns consisted of 20 highly armed men, who would attack patrols by laying ambushes on roads, and then melting back into the countryside. Tom Barry was commanding officer of the 3rd (West) Cork Brigade, which was a particularly effective flying column. They were responsible for many successful attacks on military personnel. On 28th of Nov. 1920 they wiped out an Auxiliary regiment in Kilmicheal, Co. Cork killing nearly a whole platoon. In reprisals the Black and Tans burned the City of Cork on 11th of Dec. There were many other tactics used by the I. R. A. during the war, examples include targeting prominent members of the British Establishment and Intelligence for assignation, it is beyond the remit of this short essay to explore these in their entirety. The ultimate goal of these operations and tactics were to disrupt and demoralize the administration of British Rule. After Bloody Sunday the British Intelligence Network was effectively non-existent which the I. R. A. took full advantage of, by actively engaging Crown Forces in the capital while sending out their own armed patrols in select parts of the city. As we can see at the start of the war the Volunteers were a highly disorganized and poorly equipped force. Through the use of guerrilla hit and run tactics, they made the most of their limitations to disrupt and demoralize the crown forces. After G. H. Q. exerted a central command and military structure the volunteers became a more ruthless and successful in active operations. Ultimately the British Establishment appeared to have overestimated the numbers of active members and their access to weapons. If their intelligence apparatus had not been infiltrated and disrupted by the I. R. A. the Crowns military campaign may have been more effective, and they may have continued the war which would have pushed the I. R. A, to the limits of their abilities and resources. G. H. Q. played a pivotal role in forming public opinion through their domestic publication t-Oglach and releasing accounts of civilian casualties and atrocities to foreign correspondents, effectively winning the propaganda war. It is doubtful whether the isolated regional active units would have been as effective without the co-ordination and leadership of G. H. Q. The organization of operations and centralization of command by G. H. Q. , may have been the deciding factor in the War, although many units remained in a state of disarray and were badly equipped for the duration of the war. As a measure of the success and effectiveness of operations conducted, I. R. A. guerrilla tactics became a blue print for many revolutionary forces around the World.

Got Coal? :: Research Essays

Got Coal? In this essay, I hope to inform the reader about the variations in Pennsylvania’s coals, explain the differing methods of coal mining, and provide insights into the use of coal. Although Pennsylvania’s coal reserves have dwindled, coal is still one of the major energy forms used for electric power generation. Widespread use of alternative energy forms have not yet taken place, although this is an area that needs to develop further, if we don’t want to exhaust our current reserves of fossil fuels. Currently, Pennsylvania is the fourth largest coal producer in the United States. More than 69.5 million tons of coal were mined in the state in 1995. Anthracite and bituminous coal are the two types of coal that are mined in Pennsylvania, and they are classified as hard coals. (â€Å"Coal†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ). Anthracite is the hardest coal type and contains close to 90% carbon, more than any other coal type. When burned, anthracite emits only a very small amount of smoke. It is used in domestic and industrial applications. Bituminous coal is the most widely used coal in the United States. The uses for this coal type are generating electricity, making coke, and space heating. It is mined mostly in the Appalachian Mountains (â€Å"Clean†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ). The heating value and the specific gravity (the weight of a particular volume of coal) vary with coal rank. Low-volatile bituminous coal has the highest heating value. The heating value of anthracite is somewhat lower. In the same manner, specific gravity increases with increasing rank (Edmunds 15). Underground, open-pit, and auger mining are the three ways of extracting coal from the ground. Until recently, the room-and-pillar method was the most widely used. In this method, large â€Å"rooms† of coal were excavated and â€Å"pillars† were left in place to hold up the roof. This method is not very efficient, as only 50-60% of the coal can be recovered, the rest is left in the pillars and is effectively lost (Edmunds 16). The longwall method has been increasingly used by larger companies.

My Native Town

My native town is Mandalay it’s also well-known as a culture city of Myanmar. Mandalay is Upper Myanmar's main commercial, educational, health centre and considered the centre of Burmese culture. Mandalay is Located in the central dry zone of Myanmar and on the east bank of the Irrawaddy River. Its also surrounded by Sagaing Hill, Shan Yoma Hill, Kyut Sae Hill and Mandalay Hill. My native town is the second-largest city and the last royal capital of Myanmar. King Mindon founded Mandalay and the royal palace, Mya Nan San Kyaw as a new capital at the foot of Mandalay Hill in 1857. When it was founded in 1857, the royal city was officially named Yadanabon which means â€Å"The City of Gems†. King Mindon also founded the Kuthodaw Pagoda, the Thudhamma Zayats and the library for the Buddhist scriptures. I'm always proud the glory of Mya Nan San Kyaw Palace and Mandalay Kyone. That's a trademark of my native town. Mandalay is famous with the places such as Maha Muni Pagoda, Kyauktawgyi Pagoda, Kuthodaw Pagoda, Shwenandaw Monastery and Atumashi Monastery. Mandalay is Myanmar's cultural and religious centre of Buddhism, having numerous monasteries and more than 700 pagodas. That show my native town is very devout in Buddhist religious. Moreover, Mandalay is well-known in the world by The World's Biggest Book, located in Kuthodaw Pagoda and U Paing Bridge. Most of the famous authors and artists in Myanmar were emerged from Mandalay and they served our traditional culture not to disappear and created new cultural tradition to our generations. Therefore, no matter how much the globalization wave is influenced in Mandalay, Mandalay always has a sense of our Myanmar people's culture and overwhelmed the religious beliefs.

The Civil Rights Movement Essay - 969 Words

The first ten amendments to the United States Constitution form what is known as the Bill of Rights. In essence it is a summary of the basic rights held by all U.S. citizens. However, Negro citizens during the Civil Rights Movement of the 1950-70’s felt this document and its mandate that guaranteed the civil rights and civil liberties of all people; were interpreted differently for people of color. The freedoms outlined in the Constitution were not enforced the same by the government of the United States for the black race as it did for the white race. â€Å"You all treat us so bad,† just like we are animals.† Those are the words voiced by Mrs. Rosa Parks, a Negro seamstress. Whose refusal to move to the back of the bus and give her seat to a†¦show more content†¦In other marches, K-9 units were used to terrorize prospective marchers and police used power water hose to disperse marchers. The force of the water was so powerful that it rolled people down the streets. Massive murders and lynching were not investigated, but considered a necessary item to deter the Negroes and their Movement. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Groups such as the Black Panthers were villanized by our government. Unlike the SLNC the Panthers wanted nothing to do with finding a nonviolent solution. Unlike the SLNC they felt you fight violence with violence. The Federal Bureau of Investigation, headed by J. Edgar Hoover made it a priority to disband the Panthers. Yet the Johnson administration allowed the harassment of the Panthers; but, the Klu Klux were allowed to flourish, march in protest—proclaiming White Supremacy and all the while committing hate crimes against Negroes. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; The injustice of the blatant defiance of the Constitution by the government and by Whites did not begin and end with the segregation of the educational system. It incorporated almost every facet of our society. From Blacks not being served in restaurants, using the same public toilets, and water fountains as Whites to even the military. Blacks were not allowed the basic freedoms that most people under the age of 45-years old, barely comprehend those pass denials to the black race today. The story of Black Americans is mainlyShow MoreRelatedThe Rise Of The Civil Rights Movement1179 Words   |  5 Pagessegregations. Out of the numerous elements that arose in the 1960s, there are three movements that truly affected the American society. Firstly, the rise of the civil rights movement was greatly influenced by racial discrimination of colored people in the South. Secondly, the women’s movement aimed to convince the society that women are capable of achieving and maintaining higher waged job like males. Lastly, the gay rights movement aimed to gain acceptance and stop discrimination of homosexuality. 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When you think of the Civil Rights Movement the first three that come to mind of course are, Martin Luther King Jr., Malco m X, and Rosa Parks. So, when someone hears the name Nina Simone the two most common responses might be â€Å"Who’sRead MoreSocial Movements : Black Civil Rights2647 Words   |  11 PagesSocial movements are vital to the establishment of our societies, and they way we are governed. Social movements help the less privileged band together to create a stronger voice among a sea of political correctness and unlawfully rule that the public supposedly have to abide by without question. Movements create this new form of platform that, if done successfully, are able to create a worldwide frenzy where people from across all walks of life, including politicians, academics, the less fortunateRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement911 Words   |  4 PagesThe Civil Rights Movement: Martin Luther King Jr. Martin Luther King Jr. changed history not only for African American’s, but for all who live in the United States. Martin was born on January 15, 1929, in Atlanta, Georgia. As a child Martin attended many public segregated schools throughout Georgia until he graduated at the age of fifteen. Following high school, Martin Luther King Jr. attended many colleges such as, Morehouse College, Crozer Theological Seminary, and Boston University. While studyingRead MoreCauses Of The Civil Rights Movement954 Words   |  4 Pagesquote was very much true. Post civil war times were hard on African Americans. Even though at the time they were considered free, they were often criticized and discriminated against. Finally, shootings, brutality, and unfair treatment were enough. In an effort to end racial segregation and discrimination against African-Americans all over the country, they took a stand. This was known as the Civil Rights Movement. There were many interesting events that cause d this movement. The three main causes thatRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement Essay1601 Words   |  7 PagesThe Civil Rights Movement â€Å"I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character.† This was a speech by Martin Luther King Jr. Even one hundred years after slavery was banned, African Americans were still being treated unfairly. Martin Luther King Jr. was one of the most famous leaders of the Civil Rights movement in the 1960’s. The Civil Rights movement was a movement of AfricanRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement Essay1259 Words   |  6 Pages The civil right movement refers to the reform movement in the United States beginning in the 1954 to 1968 led primarily by Blacks for outlawing racial discrimination against African-Americans to prove the civil rights of personal Black citizen. For ten decades after the Emancipation Proclamation, African-Americans in Southern states still live a rigid unequal world of deprive right of citizenship, segregation and various forms of oppression, including race-inspired violence. â€Å"JimRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement Essay1190 Words   |  5 Pages The Civil Rights Movement The 13th amendment, passed on the first of January, 1865 abolished slavery throughout America. Although African Americans were considered free after this amendment was approved, they still had a long and arduous struggle to absolute freedom. Before the Civil Rights Act of 1964, segregation in the United States was frequently used throughout many of the Southern and Border States. Schools, bathrooms, libraries, and even water fountains were segregated. Though there wereRead MoreCivil Rights Movement Essay797 Words   |  4 PagesThe Civil Rights Movement, also known as the American Civil Rights, was a mass movement during the 1950s and 1960s. It was one of the most intricate social movements of mankind. The Civil Rights Movement was a period where African Americans did not have the same equal rights or treatment as the whites. Instead, African Americans were segregated from whites by not going to school together, having to sit in the back of the bus, not being able to move freely, or not having the right to vote. Over the